- Bally Mfg Co Lion Mfg Corp Slot Machine Parts
- Bally Manufacturing Corp Slot Machines
- Bally Mfg Co Lion Mfg Corp Slot Machine Machines
Slot machine is marked BALLY MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, CHICAGO. Slot machine has coin slot on right side with red to. On Feb 19, 2020. Bally Slot machine, model 742-A, circa 1960, 5-cent (nickel), in working order, includes keys, electro-mechanical action, serial number 15944, Bally MFG. CO., subsidiary of Lion MFG. Corp., Chicago, USA, mounted on original stand, 62'h x 24'w x 18'd.
In 1965, the chief of Chicago's Lion Manufacturing Co. flew to the Bahamas to wrap up a deal supplying slot machines for a new casino.
The trip was significant for two reasons. It showed the increasing reach of Lion, which would grow into Bally Manufacturing Corp. and become the dominant player in the slot machine and health club businesses.
It also highlighted the seamy side of being in the slot business. Bally's CEO, William T. O'Donnell, traveled with the manager of a casino owned by notorious gangster Meyer Lansky. The manager became O'Donnell's Bahamian distributor and was soon banned from the casino business there because of his ties to Lansky, according to public records.
Four decades later, law enforcement agencies are once again interested in Bally, more specifically Bally Total Fitness Holding Corp., the successor of the former conglomerate.
In February, federal prosecutors told the company to preserve its accounting records as part of a criminal investigation.
It's unclear what authorities are looking into, or whether Bally is a target of the investigation. But the request came shortly after Bally accused its former CEO and chief financial officer of fiscal misconduct. Bally is also in the process of restating its earnings from 2000 through 2004.
For a company with a colorful history, replete with mobsters, celebrities and questionable business decisions, the spotlight is nothing new for Bally.
The company's roots stretch back to the Great Depression, when Chicago entrepreneur Ray Moloney started Lion Manufacturing and began making a penny-a-play pinball machine called the Ballyhoo. The company diversified into sewing machines and ballpoint pens before Moloney died in 1958.
The business disintegrated over the next few years until the administrators of Moloney's estate decided to sell the company.
A group of investors, led by Bally employee O'Donnell, bought the company for $1.2 million in 1963. Allegations about the investors and the source of their money would dog the company for decades.
The new owners took advantage of a new Illinois law allowing the manufacture of slot machines. With an electronic design that foiled cheaters, the company was able to dominate Las Vegas in short order, supplying all but 10 percent of the slots used in America's gambling capital.
Lion became Bally Manufacturing Corp. in 1969, according to company history, and for the first time offered its shares to the public.
'The 1960s was a Bally world,' said Christian Marfels, an economics professor at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, who wrote a book on the company. 'They were the dominant firm.'
During the following decade the company expanded into Germany and bought Midway Manufacturing, the maker of arcade games like Galaga and Pac-Man.
And in 1978, the company moved toward casino ownership following the legalization of gambling in New Jersey.
At hearings on the company's proposed Atlantic City casino, state investigators alleged that the original investors group headed by O'Donnell was tainted by links to the mob.
The New Jersey Casino Control Commission found that one of the investors was New York-area organized-crime figure Gerardo Catena. Nevada gambling regulators had called him a 'notorious and unsavory' character.
Another was Sam Klein, a Cleveland businessman identified by casino regulators as an acquaintance of Catena's.
In a recent interview, the 91-year-old Klein disputed any connections to mob figures. But he did acknowledge that he arranged for Bally to receive a loan with the help of the late Jackie Presser, former president of the Teamsters and a powerful Ohio labor leader.
'The Presser family and the Klein family grew up together in Cleveland,' Klein said. 'The Presser family said they'd loan to Bally if Sam Klein signed for it.'
Regulators also found that O'Donnell had participated in a scheme to bribe Kentucky lawmakers who were debating a gambling bill.
Notable Chicagoans, including then-Loyola University Chancellor John Reinke, testified on O'Donnell's behalf. But regulators ruled Bally could open a New Jersey casino only if O'Donnell cut his ties to the company.
'That was pretty much the end of him at Bally,' said Anton Valukas, who represented O'Donnell and went on to become the U.S. attorney for Chicago. 'He was really the person who put Bally on the map.'
O'Donnell left and the casino opened in 1979, with baseball legend Willie Mays working as a greeter and public relations man.
Robert Mullane, the new CEO, further diversified the company with a foray into amusement parks when he bought the Six Flags chain. His other acquisitions included a yachting company and Health and Tennis Corp. of America, a fitness club operator that he bought in 1983.
Few of those moves paid off.
Little luck with video poker
Meanwhile, Bally passed on a chance to begin making video-driven gambling machines.
The first video poker machine was developed by Si Redd, a Bally distributor. When Bally refused to market the machine, Redd cut his ties to the company. When he left, Redd negotiated a non-compete clause that kept Bally out of video technology for seven years.
Redd then formed International Game Technology, which quickly became an industry colossus as Bally sat on the sidelines.
'Bally's didn't know what they were doing,' said Bill Thompson, a professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, who studies gambling.
'They told [Redd] it was a low priority, that they were going into health and fitness. They got away from the knitting, and their slot machines went down the tubes,' Thompson said.
By 1990, the company was defaulting on loans and struggling to turn profits at its casinos. Ripe for a takeover, Bally drew the attention of Arthur Goldberg, a mercurial New Jersey lawyer and businessman who mounted a successful takeover bid.
'Arthur was an entrepreneur,' said Harold Morgan, the company's chief administrative officer. 'He was very tough, very street savvy. He'd get mad at you, but the next day he'd call you up and keep moving along.'
Goldberg ousted Mullane and started trimming Bally's portfolio. He first spun off the game manufacturing division, and in 1996 sold the casino operation to Hilton Hotels Corp. Of the company built by O'Donnell, who died in 1995, only the health clubs remained.
Before Goldberg's death in 2000, the casino operation endured a scandal worthy of the old Bally. The company had hired the speaker of the Florida House of Representatives as a $250,000 consultant while Bally lobbyists were pushing for legalized gambling in the state. Bally received a slap on the wrist from casino regulators, according to public records.
Likewise, the gaming company received a black eye when a federal grand jury indicted a former top official, who eventually pleaded guilty to a felony charge.
Health clubs struggle
Meanwhile, Bally health clubs, headquartered in a nondescript corporate park near O'Hare International Airport, had fallen on hard times.
Under Lee Hillman, a former Ernst & Young accountant who had assumed control of the company in 1996, Bally sunk deeper into debt as its focus drifted from its core business, midlevel health clubs.
As the company struggled with flat membership numbers, it launched plans to expand in Europe and invested in an online shopping business that eventually failed.
Hillman departed in 2002, replaced by Paul Toback, the former chief operating officer.
Toback began a review of the company's accounting that eventually led Bally to acknowledge that profits reported during much of Hillman's tenure as CEO were, in fact, losses.
Firm may change regimen
The company is also reviewing its operations with an eye toward building on holdings in such key markets as New York, Houston and Chicago, and paring others.
Bally Mfg Co Lion Mfg Corp Slot Machine Parts
'There are one or two or three brands we could get out of,' said Toback. There has been speculation that Bally will try to unload its Crunch subsidiary, which operates upscale gyms.
Toback is aiming for what he calls 'a total transformation of the company.' For some, the change is not coming fast enough.
Emanuel Pearlman, a former Bally consultant who runs a Los Angeles investment management firm that counts Hillman as a limited partner, has been agitating for a new approach.
He wants the company to split the chairman and CEO roles, sell some assets and explore new sources of capital.
Pearlman, who controls 9 percent of Bally through Liberation Investment Group, expects to run a slate of new directors at the company's annual meeting unless the situation changes significantly before then.
'If they can't maximize shareholder value, then I think we need to see if other people can,' he said.
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gdougherty@tribune.com
If you like slot machines, then you probably know the Bally name. This iconic brand has had a presence in the American casino and gaming industry since the 1930s.
It provided the slot machine designs that changed the way people play, and the company had a hand in the historic spread of casinos across the United States.
While Bally has had its ups and downs through several mergers and acquisitions, the brand survives to continue its mission of providing entertaining and innovative machines.
Where to play slots like Bally
Free to play Bally slots online
Most Popular Bally Slots
It shouldn’t be surprising that Bally has a large catalog of slots available, given their time in the industry. Many of their classic Atlantic City slot machines have been made into online games. These five favorites are a great place to start.
- Quick Hit Super Wheel Wild Red – This mouthful of a machine features 5 reels and 30 paylines along with a lot of features and bonuses. While the design is inspired by traditional slot machines, the gameplay is completely modern. Lucky players will get a chance to spin the Super Wheel to unlock instant winnings, multipliers, wilds or loaded free spins. There’s also a range of Quick Hit jackpots on the line for every spin.
- Triple Cash Wheel – Another machine that mixes a classic design with a lot of modern bells and whistles. This slot machine plays three separate games simultaneously for a total of 15 reels and 60 paylines. On top of the exciting base game, Triple Cash Wheel includes a big bonus game that lets players earn instant credits or free spins with big multipliers.
- Lucky Tree – A fun Asian-themed 5-reel slot machine game with 30 paylines and several bonus rounds. The titular Lucky Tree adds a little excitement to each spin, with the potential for a breeze to send extra wild spaces tumbling down onto the reels. Lucky Tree also features a free spin bonus round and a special pick bonus round, which lets players turn over mystery tiles to try and create matching sets of animals for big bonuses.
- Acorn Pixie – A beautiful slot machine that brings an enchanted forest and its pixie inhabitants to life. The 5-reel machine with 30 paylines includes a touch of magic, which can flip losing spins around with a lucky 2×2 cluster wild that can appear to fill gaps. The bonus round is based around an extended version of the game, with 6 rows to fill and permanent wild spaces that branch out from the bottom to help fill out the reels with winning paylines. Players can choose to skip the basic spins and simply pay to play a number of free spins in the bonus round.
- Fu Dao Le – A very popular Asian-themed slot machine that features numerous ways to win. This 5-reel game doesn’t use traditional paylines, instead it allows any one of 243 potential left-to-right combinations to trigger a win. The game also includes 4 Red Envelope progressive jackpots that can be won with a lucky spin or through the Match-3 bonus game. There are also free spin bonus rounds, multipliers, stacked wilds and mystery spaces.
Mobile Gaming – Bally Slot Apps
Players interested in Bally games should be happy to hear that their interest in technological innovations extends to making many of their games available for play on mobile devices. This includes all of the top 5 picks listed above. While Bally does not have a dedicated slot game app, players should be able to find their slots listed on several different apps for iOS and Android phones. Free apps usually provide some free coins each day with an option to buy more for anyone who wants to play a longer session. Locations that allow players to bet real money on online slots should be able to find Bally machines on casino apps.
In general, Bally online slot games should play well even on mobile devices. Their clean designs scale well with smaller screens and should be easy to read, although games that use expanded reels may get a little cramped during the bonus round. Certain features such as the U-Spin wheel may not be fully supported on mobile apps. Players may have to settle for just pushing a “spin” button instead of actually spinning the wheel. It should be a small price to pay for the convenience of playing these great games on-the-go or at home.
Bally’s Innovations & Features
Throughout the company’s history, Bally has been a leader in general slot machine innovation. Aside from their historic contributions, they continue to provide improvements such as larger screens in cabinets and faster software. These important technological developments have been accompanied by some fun gameplay innovations too.
Following the merger with Alliance Gaming, Bally’s slot design shifted to focus on providing an engaging and fun experience along with the thrill of gambling. Its primary competitor, IGT, felt that gamblers didn’t want more complicated systems.
This directly led to innovations such as their Thrillions system, a twist on classic linked progressive jackpots. Beginning with their classic Betty Boop, Popeye and Blondie themed machines, the rollout in 1999 put the focus on smaller jackpots that were triggered more frequently.
Running off of the same philosophy, players will probably notice the common Quick Hit feature on Bally slot games. This non-progressive jackpot system provides a full range of payouts with frequent minor pots and rarer, proper jackpots for the big strikes.
Bally hasn’t forgotten the joys of large community-linked payouts though. Players looking for larger more traditional progressive jackpots in modern machines can stick to the Red Envelope series, which includes fun games such as Fu Dao Le, Heavenly Riches and Super Rise of Ra.
The U-Spin bonus game is probably Bally’s most visible success. Starting with the Cash Spin slot machine, this eye-catching innovation provided a thrilling change to the typical bonus round format.
Lucky winners get to actually spin the digital wheel at the top of the machine for a chance to win large credit payouts, free games or even progressive jackpots. The real thrill comes from the built-in gesture control, which reacts to the speed and direction of the player’s swipe. The U-Spin wheel adds the fun of a game show to basic slots gameplay.
In general, players will see that Bally’s attention is focused on providing interesting and exciting bonuses. Bally slots can include large, expanding reels that provide more ways to win, or even simple money bag bonuses that let players pick one of three mystery bags with the chance of a big payout.
The introduction of the Buy A Bonus feature in the recently released Acorn Pixie machine clearly shows where future development is headed. The option for players to just pay for one last shot at the bonus round before they leave shows Bally’s commitment to a fun experience.
The Winding Tale of Bally
The actual Bally company began not as a slot machine company, but as a pinball developer. Raymond Moloney founded the Bally Manufacturing Corporation in 1932 in Chicago. The name came from its first product, the Ballyhoo.
The Ballyhoo pinball game was an early coin-operated piece that filled bars across America. In 1936, Bally used its experience and connections to expand into the growing gambling industry by creating the Bally Baby, a small mechanical slot machine.
Bally would mostly cease production of gaming machines during World War II to provide manufacturing power for the war effort. This didn’t slow down their product development though, with their tall “Hi-Boy” model releasing after the end of the war in 1945. This iconic design, while very basic by modern standards, created a look that would inspire the one-armed bandit for decades. Raymond Moloney’s death in 1958 triggered a rough patch for the company, with Bally almost falling into bankruptcy before a buyout and revival in 1963.
The revival was built upon the release of Money Honey, an innovative electromechanical slot machine. Featuring an electric hopper, the machine was able to handle larger and more complex payouts than purely mechanical machines. This raised expectations for slots and set up Bally as a market leader. By the end of the 1960s, it was estimated that Bally controlled nearly 90% of the worldwide slot machine market.
The 1970s and 1980s would see Bally use its profits to grow into a large umbrella company. Bally built the Park Palace Casino and Hotel in Atlantic City in 1979 as its first foray into casino operation.
Its electronics division attempted to enter the home video game market with the ill-fated Bally Professional Arcade.
Their acquisition of Midway Manufacturing in the 1960s would bear fruit as it dominated the arcade and home video game markets through its distribution of hits like Pac-Man and Space Invaders.
By the end of the 1980s, Bally owned the Six Flags chain, a set of health and fitness clubs and multiple casinos. This expansion proved to be draining. The Bally parent company would begin to separate and sell off its diverse divisions in the early 1990s to avoid financial hardship.
The slot machine division, now a subsidiary branded as Bally Entertainment, would be acquired in 1996 by the Alliance Gaming Corporation.
Founded in 1968, Alliance had its own long storied history. It began as Advanced Patent Technology, with a focus on developing new electronics and medical products.
Starting in 1979, the company tried to enter the rapidly growing gambling industry by buying the United Coin Machine Company and developing the Colorado Belle casino near Las Vegas.
Its 1985 merger with Omega Gaming allowed it to enter the video slot market. The next decade would see more property development, several rebrandings and a few mergers until it settled as the Alliance Gaming Corporation in 1994.
The merger with Bally Entertainment was a somewhat messy affair. Alliance Gaming hoped to compete for space against the dominant IGT in the newly developing riverboat and Native American casinos by joining with the still powerful Bally in 1993.
Early negotiations failed though, as Bally Entertainment ultimately sought a merger with WMS Industries. After a few lawsuits and a hostile takeover attempt, Alliance Gaming won out in 1995 with the merger completing in 1996. Bally ultimately became a subsidiary called Bally Gaming and Systems.
Following the merger, Bally grew and adapted to the changing markets by innovating gameplay. They focused on building more entertaining machines and providing powerful systems for casinos.
Bally Manufacturing Corp Slot Machines
In 2006, it would go through its final name change, with Alliance Gaming renaming themselves Bally Technologies. After 8 years, Bally Technologies would be bought out by Scientific Gaming in 2014.
Scientific Gaming made its mark on the gaming industry with innovations in instant lottery games, including development of online lotteries and a mobile gaming app for retail lottery games. Somewhat poetically, this brought Bally under the same umbrella as WMS, which had been also bought by Scientific Gaming.
Bally Mfg Co Lion Mfg Corp Slot Machine Machines
The Bally legacy lives on today as a leading slot machine developer and brand within the Scientific Gaming powerhouse.